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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nami</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды НАМИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trudy NAMI</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0135-3152</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП «НАМИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51187/0135-3152-2020-4-109-122</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nami-170</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДВИГАТЕЛЕСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENGINE DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Энергоэффективность автомобильного бензинового двигателя: актуальные подходы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Energy efficiency of automotive gasoline engine: current approaches</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сонкин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sonkin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сонкин Валерий Иосифович – инженер, заведующий научно-исследовательским отделом ДВС с искровым зажиганием Центра Энергоустановки.</p><p>Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Engineer, head of the Research department for spark ignition engines of center Power unit.</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">val.sonkin2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП НАМИ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute (FSUE “NAMI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>109</fpage><lpage>122</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сонкин В.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сонкин В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sonkin V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/170">https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/170</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Для выполнения перспективных требований стандартов 2025-2030 гг. по снижению расхода топлива и выбросов CO2 легковым и коммерческим транспортом требуется дальнейшее совершенствование конструкции и рабочего процесса бензинового двигателя внутреннего сгорания (ДВС) в полном диапазоне рабочей карты, особенно на больших нагрузках.</p><p>Цель исследования - выполнить обзор и анализ путей повышения индикаторного КПД бензинового ДВС и подходов, направленных на повышение эффективности за счёт снижения тепловых потерь. Методология и методы. Обзор барьеров на пути повышения индикаторного КПД бензинового ДВС базируется на анализе идеального и реального циклов Отто и результатов экспериментальных и расчётных зарубежных и отечественных исследований последних лет, направленных на повышение топливной эффективности за счёт снижения тепловых потерь.</p><p>Результаты и научная новизна. Показано, что эффективными новыми подходами снижения тепловых потерь ДВС будущего являются: организация на больших нагрузках сгорания стехиометрической смеси, разбавленной большим количеством охлаждённых рециркулируемых отработавших газов (до 25-35%); увеличение отношения хода поршня к диаметру цилиндра S/D до величины порядка 1,5; применение тонких термических барьерных покрытий, обеспечивающих «температурный свинг» поверхности камеры сгорания. В сочетании с комбинацией отработанных современных технологий (непосредственным впрыском топлива, регулируемым клапанным приводом и др.) они позволяют существенно повысить оптимальную геометрическую степень сжатия, значительно понизить потери тепла в стенки камеры сгорания и склонность ДВС к детонации и обеспечить повышение индикаторного КПД до уровня 49-53%.</p><p>Практическая значимость заключается в возможности использования результатов работы при выборе схемы и конструктивных решений перспективного бензинового двигателя внутреннего сгорания с пониженным расходом топлива и уменьшенным количеством выбросов СО2.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. To meet the promising requirements fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of passenger cars and commercial vehicles of 2025-2030 further improvement of the design and workflowof a gasoline internal combustion engine (ICE) is required in the full range of the working map, especially at high loads.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to review and analyze ways to improve the indicator efficiency of a gasoline ICE and approaches aimed at increasing efficiency by reducing heat losses.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The review of barriers to increasing the indicator efficiency of a gasoline ICE was based on the analysis of the ideal and real Otto cycle and the results of experimental and calculated foreign and domestic studies of recent years aimed at increasing fuel efficiency by reducing heat losses.</p><p>Scientific novelty and results. It was shown that effective new approaches to reduce the heat losses of the ICE of the future were: organization of combustion of a stoichiometric mixture diluted with a large amount of cooled recirculated exhaust gases (up to 25-35%) at high loads; increasing the ratio of the piston stroke to the cylinder diameter S/D to a value of the order of 1.5; the use of thin thermal barrier coatings that provide a “temperature swing” of the combustion chamber surface. Combined with proven modern technologies (direct fuel injection, variable valve drive, etc.), they can significantly increase the optimal geometric compression ratio, significantly reduce heat loss to the walls of the combustion chamber and the tendency of the ICE to detonate, and provide an increase in the indicator efficiency up to 49-53%.</p><p>The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the work when choosing a scheme and design solutions for a promising gasoline ICE with reduced fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бензиновый двигатель</kwd><kwd>индикаторный КПД</kwd><kwd>степень сжатия</kwd><kwd>отношение хода к диаметру</kwd><kwd>теплоизоляция</kwd><kwd>покрытие типа «температурный свинг»</kwd><kwd>рециркуляция охлаждённых отработавших газов</kwd><kwd>турбонаддув</kwd><kwd>турбо лаг</kwd><kwd>непосредственный впрыск</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gasoline engine</kwd><kwd>indicator efficiency</kwd><kwd>compression ratio</kwd><kwd>stroke-to-diameter ratio</kwd><kwd>thermal insulation</kwd><kwd>temperature swing coating</kwd><kwd>cooled exhaust gas recirculation</kwd><kwd>turbocharging</kwd><kwd>turbo lag</kwd><kwd>direct injection</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Insights into Future Mobility. 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