<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nami</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды НАМИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trudy NAMI</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0135-3152</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП «НАМИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51187/0135-3152-2021-4-60-67</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nami-207</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АВТОМОБИЛЕСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AUTOMOBILE DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Верификация имитационной модели движения электробуса КАМАЗ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The KAMAZ electric bus simulation model movement veriﬁcation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленников</surname><given-names>И. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikov</surname><given-names>I. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Масленников Иван Константинович – аспирант, ведущий инженер-программист</p><p>г. Москва 125438;  г. Москва 121205</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Postgraduate, lead software engineer</p><p>Moscow 125438;  Moscow 121205</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">MaslennikovIK@kamaz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпухин</surname><given-names>К. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpukhin</surname><given-names>K. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карпухин Кирилл Евгеньевич – кандидат технических наук, доцент, директор проекта</p><p>г. Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Eng), associate professor, project director</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климов</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климов Александр Владимирович – кандидат технических наук, руководитель службы электрифицированных автомобилей</p><p> г. Москва 121205</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Eng), head of electriﬁed vehicles service</p><p>Moscow 121205</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Aleksandr.Klimov@kamaz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оспанбеков</surname><given-names>Б. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ospanbekov</surname><given-names>B. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Оспанбеков Бауржан Кенесович – кандидат технических наук, руководитель группы автомобильной электроники, службы электрифицированных автомобилей</p><p> г. Москва 121205</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>PhD (Eng), automotive electronics group leader, electriﬁed vehicle services</p><p>Moscow 121205</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">OspanbekovBK@kamaz.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»; &#13;
ООО «Инновационный центр «КАМАЗ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientiﬁc Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute”; &#13;
LLC “Innovation Center “KAMAZ”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientiﬁc Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Инновационный центр «КАМАЗ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC “Innovation Center “KAMAZ”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>67</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Масленников И.К., Карпухин К.Е., Климов A.B., Оспанбеков Б.К., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Масленников И.К., Карпухин К.Е., Климов A.B., Оспанбеков Б.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maslennikov I.K., Karpukhin K.E., Klimov A.V., Ospanbekov B.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/207">https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/207</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение (постановка задачи и актуальность). В настоящее время в автомобильной отрасли одним из главных и перспективных направлений является развитие сектора электромобилей и зарядной инфраструктуры. Постоянное ужесточение экологических требований, развитие области тяговых аккумуляторных батарей (ТАБ) и автомобильной электроники являются основными факторами развития колёсного электротранспорта. Эксплуатация электробусов на городских маршрутах является одним из популярных решений в современных мегаполисах. Тем не менее ёмкость ТАБ, её ресурс и стоимость по-прежнему ограничены, в связи с чем выбор наиболее эффективных алгоритмов управления и компонентов тягового электропривода (ТЭП) является ключевой задачей при разработке электротранспортного средства. Решение данной задачи требует наличие имитационной модели, точность и сложность которой должна удовлетворять выбранной цели. Цель исследования – разработка и верификация имитационной модели электробуса КАМАЗ 6282 на основе экспериментальных данных.</p><sec><title>Методология и методы</title><p>Методология и методы. В статье представлен анализ экспериментальных и расчётных данных основных режимов движения электробуса при движении в городе: разгон, выбег, торможение, движение в подъём.</p><p>Результаты и научная новизна. По результатам сравнения экспериментальных и расчётных данных определено, что представленная имитационная модель электробуса является достаточной и адекватной для определения основных эксплуатационных показателей ТЭП.</p></sec><sec><title>Практическая значимость</title><p>Практическая значимость. Представленная имитационная модель позволяет производить анализ эксплуатационных показателей, на основе которых может быть осуществлён подбор оптимальных компонентов ТЭП. Простота имитационной модели позволяет применять её в составе оптимальных алгоритмов управления и оценки движения электробуса по городскому маршруту.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction (problem statement and relevance). Currently, one of the main and promising directions in the automotive industry is the development of the electric vehicle and charging infrastructure sector. The constant tightening of environmental requirements, the development of traction batteries (TAB) and automotive electronics are the main factors in the development of wheeled electric vehicles. The operation of electric buses on urban routes in modern cities is one of the promising developments of electric buses use. But the problem is, the TAB capacity, its resource and cost are still limited, therefore a key task in the development of an electric vehicles the choice of the most effective control algorithms and components of the traction electric drive (TED). The solution to this problem requires working out a simulation model, the accuracy and complexity of which must satisfy the chosen goal.</p><p>The purpose of the study was to develop and verify a KAMAZ 6282 electric bus simulation model basing on experimental data.</p><p>Methodology and research methods. The article presents an experimental and calculated data analysis of the main electric bus movement modes when driving in a city: acceleration, coasting, braking, upward movement.</p><p>Scientiﬁc novelty and results. Basing on comparing the experimental and calculated data results, it has been determined that the presented simulation model of the electric bus was sufﬁcient and adequate to determine the main performance indicators of the TED.</p><p>Practical signiﬁcance. The presented simulation model made it possible to analyze the performance indicators, on the basis of which the selection of the optimal TED components could be carried out. The simplicity of the simulation model allowed it to be used as part of optimal control algorithms and evaluate the electric bus movement along a city route.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электротранспорт</kwd><kwd>электробус</kwd><kwd>имитационное моделирование</kwd><kwd>верификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric transport</kwd><kwd>electric bus</kwd><kwd>simulation</kwd><kwd>veriﬁcation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Косицын Б.Б. Метод определения энергоэффективного закона движения электробуса по городскому маршруту: дисс. … кандидат технических наук. – М.: МГТУ имени Н.Э. Баумана, 2017. – 168 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kositsyn B.B. [Method for determining the energy efﬁcient law of movement of an electric bus along an urban route. Cand. eng. sci. diss.]. Moscow, BMSTU, 2017. 168 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rios-Torres J., Sauras-Perez P., Alfaro R., Taiber J. et al. Eco-Driving System for Energy Efﬁcient Driving of an Electric Bus // SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars – Electron. Electr. Syst. 8(1):79-89, 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rios-Torres J., Sauras-Perez P., Alfaro R., Taiber J. et al. Eco-Driving System for Energy Efﬁcient Driving of an Electric Bus. SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars – Electron. Electr. Syst. 8(1):79-89, 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sciarretta A., De Nunzio G., Ojeda L. Optimal ecodriving control: Energy-efﬁcient driving of road vehicles as an optimal control problem // IEEE Control Systems Megazine. – Oct 2015. – Vol. 35. – No. 5. – P. 71–90.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sciarretta A., De Nunzio G., Ojeda L. Optimal ecodriving control: Energy-efﬁcient driving of road vehicles as an optimal control problem. IEEE Control Systems Megazine, Oct 2015, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 71–90.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J. Battery electric vehicle energy consumption modelling, testing and pre-diction: a practical case study. PhD thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology. – Eindhoven, the Netherlands, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang J. Battery electric vehicle energy consumption modelling, testing and pre-diction: a practical case study. PhD thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology. Eindhoven, the Netherlands, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmitz M., Maag C., Jagiellowicz M., Hanig M. Impact of a combined accelerator-brake pedal solution on efﬁcient driving // Intelligent Transport Systems IET. – 2013. – Vol. 7. – No. 2. – P. 203–209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmitz M., Maag C., Jagiellowicz M., Hanig M. Impact of a combined accelerator-brake pedal solution on efﬁcient driving. Intelligent Transport Systems IET, 2013, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 203–209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang J., Besselink I.J.M., van Boekel J.J.P. &amp; Nijmeijer H. (2015). Evaluating the energy efﬁciency of a one pedal driving algorithm / European Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Congress (EEVC 2015), Brussels, Belgium, 2015. – P. 1–10.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang, J., Besselink I. J. M., van Boekel J. J. P. &amp; Nijmeijer H. (2015). Evaluating the energy efﬁciency of a one pedal driving algorithm. European Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Congress (EEVC 2015), Brussels, Belgium, 2015, pp. 1–10.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Sh., Zhuan X. Model-Predictive Optimization for Pure Electric Vehicle during a Vehicle-Following Process.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Sh., Zhuan X. Model-Predictive Optimization for Pure Electric Vehicle during a Vehicle-Following Process.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Syed F.U., Filev D., Ying H. Fuzzy rule-based driver advisory system for fuel economy improvement in a hybrid electric vehicle / Proc. Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, Jun. 2007. – P. 178–183.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Syed F.U., Filev D., Ying H. Fuzzy rule-based driver advisory system for fuel economy improvement in a hybrid electric vehicle. Proc. Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society, Jun. 2007, pp. 178–183.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Syed F.U., Filev D.P., Tseng F. Adaptive real-time driver advisory control for a hybrid electric vehicle to achieve fuel economy: US20140012456A1.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Syed F.U., Filev D.P., Tseng F. Adaptive real-time driver advisory control for a hybrid electric vehicle to achieve fuel economy: US20140012456A1.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Литвинов А.С., Фаробин Я.Е. Автомобиль: Теория эксплуатационных свойств: Учебник для вузов по специальности «Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство». – М.: Машиностроение, 1989. – 240 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinov A.S., Farobin Ya.E. [Automobile: Theory of operational properties: Textbook for universities in the specialty “Automobiles and the automotive industry”]. Moscow, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1989. 240 p. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Масленников И.К., Карпухин К.Е., Климов А.В., Оспанбеков Б.К. Исследование эксплуатационных показателей тягового электрооборудования электробуса в городских условиях движения / Технологии и компоненты наземных интеллектуальных транспортных систем: сборник трудов конференции, 16-18 октября 2019 г. – М.: ФГУП «НАМИ», 2019. – С. 377–384.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maslennikov I.K., Karpukhin K.E., Klimov A.V., Ospanbekov B.K. [Research of operational indicators of traction electrical equipment of an electric bus in urban trafﬁc conditions]. [Technologies and components of ground-based intelligent transport systems: conference proceedings, October 16-18, 2019]. Moscow, FSUE “NAMI”, 2019, pp. 377–384. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпухин К.Е., Теренченко А.С., Шорин А.А. Обоснование параметров балансировки аккумуляторных батарей // Вестник машиностроения. – 2015. – № 11. – С. 25–27.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Karpukhin K.E., Terenchenko A.S., Shorin A.A. [Justiﬁcation of the parameters of balancing batteries]. Vestnik mashinostroeniya, 2015, no. 11, pp. 25–27. (In Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
