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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nami</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды НАМИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trudy NAMI</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0135-3152</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП «НАМИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nami-26</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДВИГАТЕЛЕСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENGINE DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ПРОБЛЕМЫ БЕНЗИНОВОГО ДВИГАТЕЛЯ С ВЫСОКИМ НАДДУВОМ: АНОМАЛЬНОЕ СГОРАНИЕ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROBLEMS OF THE GASOLINE ENGINE WITH HIGH SUPERCHARGING: ABNORMAL COMBUSTION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сонкин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sonkin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">val.sonkin2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute” (FSUE “NAMI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сонкин В.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сонкин В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sonkin V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/26">https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/26</self-uri><abstract><p>Повышение в современных бензиновых двигателях внутреннего сгорания (ДВС) с высоким наддувом среднего эффективного давления и литровой мощности до уровня порядка 25 бар и 100 кВт/л помогло существенно снизить расход топлива и количество вредных выбросов (в том числе СО2) вследствие понижения размерности ДВС. Однако обострило проблемы надёжности из-за аномальных явлений сгорания - детонации, калильного зажигания, преждевременного воспламенения и мега-детонации. Дальнейшее улучшение КПД двигателя за счёт повышения давления наддува и понижения его размерности существенно зависит от решения проблем аномального сгорания. Статья посвящена обзору особенностей разных мод аномального сгорания в бензиновых ДВС с высоким наддувом, анализу влияния конструктивных и режимных факторов на эти моды сгорания и конкретным решениям, направленным на подавление аномального сгорания. Показано, что жёсткость аномального сгорания и склонность к нему ДВС зависят от температуры, давления, гомогенности энд-газа, продолжительности сгорания, свойств топлива и масла, загрязнённости камеры сгорания продуктами сгорания. Отмечено, что наиболее критичными модами аномального сгорания становятся преждевременное воспламенение и мега-детонация, которые возникают спорадически при работе на низких оборотах с высокой нагрузкой, повышают давление сгорания до 15-40 МПа и очень разрушительны для двигателя. Показано, что эффективным способом подавления аномального сгорания является комбинирование высокого наддува с непосредственным впрыском топлива, регулируемым клапанным приводом, рециркуляцией охлаждённых отработавших газов, комплексным охлаждением двигателя, быстрым сгоранием и точной калибровкой. Такой подход может обеспечить будущим двигателям пониженной размерности надёжную работу без аномального сгорания с высокой литровой мощностью и эффективным КПД на уровне 40%.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Due to the internal combustion engine (ICE) dimension reduction the increase in average effective pressure and power density to the level of about 25 bar and 100 kW/l in modern gasoline ICE with a high supercharging has helped to significantly reduce fuel consumption and the amount of harmful emissions (including CO2). However, the problems of reliability were aggravated by the abnormal combustion phenomena: detonation, glow ignition, pre-ignition and mega-detonation. Further improvement in the efficiency of the engine due to the increase of boost pressure and the decrease in its dimension significantly depended on the solution of abnormal combustion problems. The article is devoted to a review of the features of different abnormal combustion modes in gasoline ICEs with high supercharging, as well as to the analysis of the effect of constructive and regime factors on these combustion modes and specific solutions aimed at suppressing abnormal combustion. It has been shown that the stiffness of abnormal combustion and the predisposition of the internal combustion engine to it depended on temperature, pressure, homogeneity of end gas, duration of combustion, fuel and oil properties, and contamination of the combustion chamber by combustion products. It was noted that the most critical modes of abnormal combustion were pre-ignition and mega-detonation occurring sporadically when operating at low speeds with a high load, that increased the combustion pressure to 15-40 MPa and were very destructive for the engine. It was shown that an effective method of suppressing abnormal combustion was: the combination of high boost with direct injection of fuel, regulated by a valve drive; recirculation of cooled exhaust gases; complex engine cooling; rapid combustion and accurate calibration. This approach can provide the future downsizing engines with a reliability of operation, avoid abnormal combustion and provide a high power density with an efficiency of 40%.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>бензиновый двигатель</kwd><kwd>аномальное сгорание</kwd><kwd>детонация</kwd><kwd>калильное зажигание</kwd><kwd>преждевременное воспламенение</kwd><kwd>мега-детонация</kwd><kwd>высокий наддув</kwd><kwd>пониженная размерность</kwd><kwd>непосредственный впрыск</kwd><kwd>степень сжатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gasoline engine</kwd><kwd>abnormal combustion</kwd><kwd>detonation</kwd><kwd>glow ignition</kwd><kwd>pre-ignition</kwd><kwd>mega-detonation</kwd><kwd>high supercharging</kwd><kwd>downsizing</kwd><kwd>direct injection</kwd><kwd>compression ratio</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кутенёв В.Ф., Сонкин В.И. 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