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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nami</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды НАМИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trudy NAMI</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0135-3152</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП «НАМИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.51187/0135-3152-2023-1-56-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nami-267</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ, АНАЛИТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS, ANALYTICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Электричество, водород или е-топливо?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Electric power, hydrogen or e-fuel?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зленко</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zlenko</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зленко Михаил Александрович – д-р техн. наук, главный научный сотрудник Центра «Энергоустановки»</p><p>г. Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zlenko M.A. – D.Sc. (Eng), chief resercher, engine department, “Power Units” Centre</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mikhail.zlenko@nami.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Теренченко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Terenchenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Теренченко Алексей Станиславович – канд. техн. наук, директор Центра «Энергоустановки»</p><p>г. Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Terenchenko A.S. – PhD (Eng), associated professor, head of “Power Units” Centre</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientifi c Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute”&#13;
(FSUE “NAMI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>56</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зленко М.А., Теренченко А.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зленко М.А., Теренченко А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zlenko M.A., Terenchenko A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/267">https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/267</self-uri><abstract><p>Электрификация автотранспорта – одна их самых обсуждаемых и актуальных проблем современного общества. Действительно ли это путь к совершенству и гармонизации сосуществования человеческой цивилизации с природой? Нужно ли нам в России следовать путём, который торит Европа? Или, как обычно, «у нас особенная стать»? Есть ли объективные предпосылки к чувствительным изменениям для нас, жителей России, в энергетической отрасли, в транспортной инфраструктуре и, как следствие, в жизни нашего общества? В работе проведён сравнительный анализ различных сценариев электрификации транспортных средств (ТС) в России и показано, что энергетическая и экологическая эффективность электрификации транспорта в значительной степени зависит от того, с помощью какого именно электричества происходит электрификация. Ключевая задача энергетического перехода – ограничение выбросов парниковых газов – может быть решена только на основе неуглеродной электрогенерирующей энергетики. Авторы рассмотрели 20 вариантов электрификации среднестатистического пассажирского ТС с различным качеством электрогенерации (углеродным следом электрогенерирующих систем) и различными силовыми агрегатами – чисто электрическими (BEV), гибридными (HEV и PHEV), с топливными элементами (FC), с различными видами источников первичной энергии – и пришли к заключению, что, во-первых, роль водорода как автомобильного топлива сильно переоценена; во-вторых, скорее производные водорода такие, как е-топлива, имеют более успешные перспективы применения на транспорте, и, в-третьих, помимо BEV, «городская» ниша которых давно и вполне оправдано предопределена, автомобили типа PHEV могут быть наиболее эффективными с точки зрения как потребительских требований к качеству мобильности, так и требований общества к экологической эффективности ТС в целом</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Electrifi cation of motor vehicles is one of the most discussed and relevant issues of the modern society. Is it really the way to perfection and harmonization of coexistence of human civilization and nature? Should Russia follow the road that Europe is paving? Or do we as usual have our own unique way? Are there any objective prerequisites for sensitive changes for us, Russian citizens, in the energy sector, transport infrastructure and, as a result, in the life of our society? The paper contains a comparative analysis of various vehicle electrifi cation scenarios in Russia and shows that the energy and environmental effi ciency of vehicle electrifi cation considerably depends on the type of electric energy used for electrifi cation. The key goal of the energy transition, which is to limit the greenhouse gases emissions, can be achieved only by means of non-carbon electric power generation. The authors studied 20 variants of electrifi cation of an average passenger vehicle with various electric power generation quality (electric power generating systems’ carbon footprint) and diverse power units – pure electric (BEV), hybrid (HEV and PHEV), fuel cells (FC), with diff erent types of primary power sources, and concluded that, fi rst, the role of hydrogen as vehicle fuel is vastly overestimated; second, it is rather hydrogen derivatives such as e-fuels that have brighter prospects to be used in transport; and, third, besides BEV, the urban niche of which is long and quite reasonably predefi ned, PHEV-type vehicles can be the most effi cient in terms of both customer requirements for the quality of mobility and social requirements for environmental effi ciency of the vehicles on the whole.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энергетический переход</kwd><kwd>электрификация автотранспорта</kwd><kwd>BEV</kwd><kwd>HEV</kwd><kwd>PHEV</kwd><kwd>FC</kwd><kwd>углеродный след</kwd><kwd>удельная эмиссия СО2</kwd><kwd>энергоэффективность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>energy transition</kwd><kwd>electrifi cation of motor vehicles</kwd><kwd>BEV</kwd><kwd>HEV</kwd><kwd>PHEV</kwd><kwd>FC</kwd><kwd>carbon footprint</kwd><kwd>СО2 specifi c emission</kwd><kwd>energy effi ciency</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Revision of the Renewable Energy Directive: Fit for 55 package. 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