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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nami</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды НАМИ</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trudy NAMI</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0135-3152</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГУП «НАМИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">OUUYQZ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nami-386</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ДВИГАТЕЛЕСТРОЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ENGINE DEVELOPMENT</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анализ путей снижения затрат энергии на обогрев салона электробусов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Analysis of ways to reduce energy consumption for heating passenger compartment of electric buses</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козлов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozlov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Козлов Андрей Викторович – д-р техн. наук, профессор, начальник управления перспективных энергоустановок, Центр «Энергоустановки»</p><p>г. Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kozlov A.V. – D.Sc. (Eng), professor, head of the department of advanced power units, Center “Power units”</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.kozlov@nami.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стряпунин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stryapunin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Стряпунин Александр Сергеевич – инженер-исследователь 2-й категории, управление перспективных энергоустановок, Центр «Энергоустановки»</p><p>г. Москва 125438</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stryapunin A.S. – research engineer, department of advanced power units, Center “Power units”</p><p>Moscow 125438</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГНЦ РФ ФГУП «НАМИ»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute” (FSUE “NAMI”)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Козлов А.В., Стряпунин А.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Козлов А.В., Стряпунин А.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kozlov A.V., Stryapunin A.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/386">https://nami.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/386</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение (постановка задачи и актуальность). Для регионов с холодным климатом запас хода электробуса становится серьёзным препятствием на пути к расширению использования этого типа транспорта. Повышенный расход энергии сказывается не только на дальности автономного хода, но и на ресурсе аккумуляторных батарей, графике выхода подвижного состава на рейс и нагрузке на зарядную инфраструктуру. В связи с этим поиск путей снижения затрат энергии климатической системой является актуальной задачей.Цель исследований – определение затрат энергии на отопление кабины и салона электробуса в осенне-зимний период эксплуатации в московском регионе, а также поиск и анализ путей снижения этих затрат.Методология и методы. Для определения температуры воздуха в салоне использовалась математическая модель, основанная на уравнениях теплового баланса, которая была валидирована по результатам натурных испытаний. Исследования проводились в соответствии с требованиями ГОСТ Р 53828-2010.Результаты и научная новизна. Приведены результаты испытаний по определению параметров микроклимата и расхода энергии на отопление салона при различных режимах движения. При помощи математической модели определено соотношение потерь теплоты через различные пути утечек. Представлено сравнение затрат энергии на работу климатической установки при использовании различных методов снижения расхода энергии.Практическая значимость. Результаты данного исследования могут быть использованы для совершенствования энергетических показателей пассажирского электротранспорта.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction (problem statement and relevance). For regions with cold climates, the cruising range of electric buses becomes a serious obstacle to expanding the use of this type of transport. Increased energy consumption affects not only the autonomous cruising range, but also the battery life, fleet operation timetable and charging infrastructure loading. In this regard, the search for the ways to reduce the HVAC system energy consumption is a relevant task.The purpose of the study is to determine the energy consumption for heating the cabin and passenger compartment of the electric bus during the autumn and winter period of operation in the Moscow region as well as search and analysis of the ways to reduce this consumption.Methodology and research methods. In order to determine the air temperature in the passenger compartment, the mathematical model was used based on the heat balance equations and validated following the field tests results. The research was performed according to the GOST R 53828-2010 requirements.Scientific novelty and results. The test results are given in terms of determination of the microclimate parameters and energy consumption for passenger compartment heating in case of different driving modes. The heat losses ratio through different leak paths was determined by means of the mathematical model. A comparison of energy consumption for the HVAC operation when using different energy consumption reduction methods is given. Practical significance. The results of this study can be used to improve the energy performance of electric passenger transport.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электробус</kwd><kwd>система обогрева</kwd><kwd>тепловой баланс</kwd><kwd>расход энергии</kwd><kwd>температура воздуха в салоне</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electric bus</kwd><kwd>heating system</kwd><kwd>heat balance</kwd><kwd>energy consumption</kwd><kwd>passenger compartment air temperature</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Карпухин К.Е. Синтез подходов, направленных на увеличение пробега электрических транспортных средств на одной зарядке. Опыт в Российской Федерации // Труды НАМИ. – 2023. – № 2 (293). – С. 73–83. 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