Ecological rationing of harmful exhaust gases emitted by internal combustion engines of trucks
Abstract
Introduction. The actual task of today is not only the rationing of harmful substances emissions by vehicles, but also the improving of the monitoring on-board diagnostics system and neutralization system in operation.
The purpose of the study was: estimatation of the content of ammonia released by the car engine exhaust gases; justification of the integrated controlling on-board system for diagnosing nitrogen-containing emissions of a vehicle; and analysis of the SCR-NH3 operation system for its further improvement.
Methodology and research methods. The level of environmental pollution based on the permissible concentration of NH3 UN No. 49-05 is assessed by the calculation of the volumetric concentration of ammonia in the calculated corridor of the vehicle movement on the routes of settlements.
Scientific novelty and results. The study has considered the issues of maintaining the environmental performance of vehicles in operation, the on-board diagnostics system operation for neutralizing harmful substances, and the functionality of electronic engine control elements. Calculations showed that the total exposure to harmful substances increases the harmful effect by 1.5 times even at their permissible 25% and below maximum concentration in the air.
Practical significance. A number of approaches was proposed for further improvement of the monitoring methods for the on-board diagnostic system and, in particular, monitoring the threshold values of NH3 emissions. To neutralize harmful substances efficiently during the entire period of vehicle operation, effective functioning systems were proposed to be created and installed to replace the converters that had failed during operation. The results of the study would allow developers and experts involved in the discussion of amendments to UN Regulation No. 49 to carry out work in the direction of rationing and monitoring ammonia emissions in operation for trucks equipped with SCR-NH3 neutralization systems.
About the Authors
A. V. Shabanov
NAMI’s Testing Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
PhD (Eng), expert
Moscow Region 141830, Dmitrov district, pos. Avtopoligon
V. A. Solomin
NAMI’s Testing Centre
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
head of the engine laboratory of the department of ecology of vehicles
Moscow Region 141830, Dmitrov district, pos. Avtopoligon
V. K. Vanin
Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute” (FSUE “NAMI”)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
acting head of the directorate of the internal combustion engine, Center “Power units”
Moscow 125438
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Review
For citations:
Shabanov A.V., Solomin V.A., Vanin V.K. Ecological rationing of harmful exhaust gases emitted by internal combustion engines of trucks. Trudy NAMI. 2019;(2):79-88. (In Russ.)
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