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Analysis of vehicles electrical drive development trends

Abstract

The article gives an analytical review of the current state, problems and trends in the development of various technologies for electric and hybrid power drive of vehicles. It is shown that modern vehicles with electric and hybrid power drives are hardly inferior to traditional vehicles with an internal combustion engine (ICE) in high-speed qualities, are far superior in their environmental performance (especially in reducing CO2 emissions) and energy efficiency indicators, but are costly and have less electric driving reserve. The most efficient and environmentally friendly vehicles are Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV), Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) and Plug-in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV), while the cheapest simplest vehicles are Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). In recent years, there has been observed a sharp increase in the development pace of BEV and PHEV, though it was restrained by the effect of cost, limited power reserve, insufficient development of charging infrastructure and obtaining electricity from renewable and low-carbon sources. It was shown that accelerated electrification was based, on the one hand, on the rapid improvement of characteristics and the reduction in the cost of the drive (primarily lithium-ion batteries) due to its improvement and development of mass production, and on the other hand, on the growth of the price of advanced ICE. The most activity is demonstrated by the European Union, which plans to cover half of the vehicle market with new electric vehicles by 2030, and which promises to fill the entire market with electric vehicles by 2050. The article gives an analysis of the problems associated with the use of hybrid and electric power drive on passenger vehicles and the trends in its development, as well as offers on the direction of developments in the field of electric power drive for vehicles in Russia.

About the Authors

V. F. Kutenev
Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute”
Russian Federation


V. I. Sonkin
Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Central Scientific Research Automobile and Automotive Engines Institute”
Russian Federation


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Review

For citations:


Kutenev V.F., Sonkin V.I. Analysis of vehicles electrical drive development trends. Trudy NAMI. 2018;(2):6-15. (In Russ.)

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ISSN 0135-3152 (Print)