The ways natural gas usage as a motor fuel which are analyzed on the basis of environmental and economic assessment in a total life cycle

In accordance with the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 13, 2013, No. 767-r “On the expansion of natural gas usage as a motor fuel” more than 11 000 units public transport operating on natural gas are to be put into operation in 15 regions of the Russian Federation by 2020. The strategic objectives of the Russian Federation have been taken into account within the carried out research and the promising ways of natural gas usage were identified as a motor fuel on the basis of a technical, ecological and economic assessment in a total life cycle (TLC). The object of the research was the YaMZ-6566 diesel with a common-rail system and its two modifications: the one with a reduced compression ratio of up to 11.5, operating on natural gas in the Otto cycle; and a diesel modification providing operation on the dual-fuel cycle with a pilot portion of diesel fuel. Both modifications were developed and tested at FSUE “NAMI”. To carry out necessary calculations a complex methodology of technical, economic and environmental assessment of alternative fuels prospects in automobile transport in TLC was specially developed at FSUE “NAMI”. As a result of an economic efficiency analysis it was established that the use of natural gas as the main fuel made it possible to reduce the TLC costs by almost 1.8 times. The results of the ecological efficiency analysis have shown that the gross emissions of pollutants for TLC from dual-fuel and diesel were practically the same, but the environmental damage from dual-fuel was 39.74% less. In comparison with the gas engine operating on the Otto cycle, gross emissions from the dual-fuel were less by 46.97%, and the damage was by 67.85% less. The obtained results allowed to consider the engine working on with natural gas with pilot portion of diesel fuel within a dual-fuel cycle as the most promising solution to reduce both emissions of pollutants and the cost of TLC implementation.

total life cycle (TLC), gas engine, dual-fuel engine, alternative fuels, compressed natural gas, environmental and economic assessment, environmental pollution

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