THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF Ml CATEGORY VEHICLES

Abstract

The article considers modern approaches of the USA, the European Union (EU) and Japan to the emission regulation of harmful substances (HS) containing vehicle exhaust gases. In the USA, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) exercises control of gases emissions. The estimation methodology and emission requirements are regulated by the “Tier 3 FTR Standards”. In Japan, the methodology for estimating and limiting the vehicles emissions is established by the Environment Ministry and is regulated by the “New Term” Standard. Gases emission requirements in the EU are determined by EU instructions and regulations based on UN Regulation No. 83. Currently, the basic EU Regulation 715/2007 works. Standard regulatory documents of different countries differ in the values of the ultimate gases emissions as well as in their estimation methodology including the duration of the tests, high-speed mode of the vehicle motion, the starting conditions to carry out the tests, and so on. Therefore, the international unification of vehicles emissions requirements is of necessity and the development of a worldwide unified testing procedure for vehicles WGTR (Global Technical Regulation No. 15) agreed in Geneva by the UNECE WP29 World Forum is an important start to it.