On October 14-15, 2020, the joint international automotive scientific forum of IASF-2020 “Intelligent ground vehicles and systems” and Autonet-2020 “Forum of innovative transport technologies” was held online. The joint event based on the IASF and Autonet forums, well-known and recognized in Russia and abroad, took place for the first time, having aroused an increased interest both of traditional participants and a great number of new specialists, as evidenced by the number of participants (over 1000 people). The opening of the joint forum started with introductory reports of the well-known leaders largely determining the trends and ways of key industries development in the country. The list of the discussed issues turned out to be rather wide: from the future of services for connected vehicles and mobility after the pandemic to 5G technology and satellite communications for highly automated vehicles including the formation of a promising interaction system between road infrastructure and unmanned vehicles. Special attention was paid to the training of specialists in priority areas of development, creation, testing and operation of intelligent vehicles and systems. The “AUTONET AWARDS 2020” awards were handed out and the final competition of scientific works of students, graduate students and young specialists was held. More than 180 reports were presented within the joint forum. Its participants got acquainted with FSUE “NAMI” developments in the field of intelligent vehicles and their components.

Introduction. This work is devoted to the structure development of one of the most important elements of active safety - auxiliary braking systems of vehicles operating in difficult road conditions. The purpose of the study was to identify the current trend in the retarders development taking into account both the experience of leading automobile countries and the developments of FSUE “NAMI” ofthe past years, with the purpose to stimulate the research in this area, which has not been carried out for more than 30 years.

Methodology and research methods. The material of the article is the result of both the domestic regulatory base analysis of active safety equipment, and the relevant legislative acts of the European Union countries, which oblige to equip some categories of vehicles with retarder brakes. The terminology used for this type of aggregates has been clarified.

Scientific novelty and results. The conducted studies of modern retarder brakes properties and designs from leading manufacturers allow us to determine the main directions of domestic developments in the field of energy-intensive brake systems.

The practical significance lies in the systematization of advantages and disadvantages of various retarder types, which makes it possible to determine the optimization of the design choice for a specific type of vehicle.

Introduction. The tendency to a long inexpensive maintenance and repair of the car has led to the widespread application of parts, assemblies and assemblies from the out-of-service cars. As a result, vehicles with unpredictable safety indicators appeared on the road.

The purpose of the study was to find ways to reduce the negative impact of previously used spare parts on the road safety.

Methodology and research methods. The analysis of the used spare parts made it possible to determine the legal conditions of their practical application.

Results. The legislative regulation ways of spare parts and remanufactured units use have been proposed. Practical significance. Road safety and economic efficiency of small businesses in the field of maintenance and repair of wheeled vehicles will be improved.

Introduction. The improvement of the wheeled vehicles (WV) design intended for operation in areas with a poorly developed road network is an important task. The increase of vehicle operation efficiency allows significant reducing both the cost of freight traffic to remote areas of our country and development of new territories. The variety of soil surfaces on the territory of the Russian Federation makes it difficult to choose vehicle parameters at the early stages of vehicle design. Thanks to the high level of computer technology development, it is advisable to use the methods of WV motion simulation.

Purpose of the study. The use of new approaches to the interaction calculation parameters of a wheel propeller with the ground, when the main features of the WV design are taken, allows to more accurately model the process of vehicle movement on a soil surface and take into consideration the mutual influence of various systems on the vehicle's cross-country ability when driving on deformable supporting surfaces.

Methodology and research methods. The article presents a method for imitating the motion of a high passability WV on the deformable soil. The method is based on the principle of creating a mathematical model of WV in the environment of rigid body dynamics, extended by new models. The interaction modeling peculiarities of an elastic tire with deformable soil are to create an additional dynamic sphere. The algorithm of this sphere uses a model of the elastic tire interaction with deformable soil, developed by Professor Ya.S. Ageikin and supplemented by his students.

Scientific novelty and results. The article considers an example of rectilinear motion of a WV on loam, the results of the study are presented. The approach makes it possible to comprehensively investigate the passability of the WV when moving on deformable support surfaces. The mathematical model takes into account the main WV systems and their characteristics: engine, transmission, power flow distribution mechanisms (differentials) and their condition, wheel propeller, massive inertial properties of WV links.

Practical significance. The developed method makes it possible to analyze the passability of, both existing and newly developed WVs. It also allows you to study the mutual influence of WV systems on the ability to move on various soil surfaces. At that the loads on the load-bearing elements of the WVs are determined, the loading history for resource assessment included.

Introduction. Electrified vehicles (EVs) have been actively developed in the Russian Federation megalopolises in recent years. Due to the specific climatic conditions of our country, EVs manufacturers encounter difficulties in the design and creation of simulation models, as well as in the model design selection. The main criterion for the safety and degree of degradation (SoH) of a traction battery (TB) is the temperature range in which it is operated.

The purpose of the study was to calculate the thermal state of TB when exposed to extreme temperatures in a given region.

Methodology and research methods. The research method is the creation of a TB thermostating system model, as well as the analysis of the climatic conditions of the region.

Scientific novelty and results. The operating temperature affects the operational characteristics of the EVs, in particular, the mileage on one charge, the degree of capacity reduction during operation, and other technical parameters of the TB. In turn, the creation of complex cooling schemes is not economically feasible both during production and maintenance of electrical vehicles. Taking into account the climatic conditions of our country, the possible regions of operation were selected. The article provides a sequence of design cases selection for the simulation model. After determining the design and heating parameters of the TB, a full factorial experiment was partially used to assess the efficiency of the thermostating system with passive cooling. The discharge currents and the state of charge components of the traction electrical equipment were obtained as well as the state of charge for a single battery, including TB while simulating the operation and the movement of an EV.

Practical significance. The article highlights the problems of safe long-term operation, and also indicates the optimal, working and critical temperature ranges during the operation of single lithium-ion batteries.

Introduction. The main property to assess in multi-purpose wheeled vehicles is their mobility, characterized by cross-country pass ability, high-speed and autonomy. At the same time, the main factor of assessment is the high speed (high average speed) which can ensure a high wheeled vehicles mobility. One of the promising ways to increase the speed of highly mobile wheeled vehicles is to increase their braking efficiency due to the use of an additional deceleration system preserving the service brake system operability during intensive driving.

The purpose of the study was to increase the mobility speed of wheeled vehicles by improving the braking properties with the help of an additional braking system.

Methodology and research methods. A set of full-scale mathematical modeling was used to assess the additional braking system effect on the working brakes loading and the average speed of highly mobile wheeled vehicles in the totality of road and soil conditions. The use of the mathematical modeling complex made it possible to study and control the movement of a car by a driver-operator along statistically specified routes in “real time”. The following indicators were used to assess the additional braking system effectiveness: the working brakes temperature; reduction of energy dissipated by the service braking system during the drive; the dependence of the average travel speed on the transmission units effecting its deceleration.

Scientifi c novelty and results. The method presented in this work allowed assessing the effect of the additional braking system on the working brakes load and the average speed of highly mobile wheeled vehicles motion at the design stage in the conditions close to real operation.

Practical significance. The high efficiency of the additional braking system application for highly mobile wheeled vehicles has been proven. The degree of the working brake system loading reduction, as well as the level of the considered machines average speed in the totality of road conditions were determined.

Introduction. Full-scale tests remain the most important quality indicator of the developed design solutions. At the same time, high-performance simulation computational systems are becoming more and more relevant, which can significantly reduce field tests of newly developed prototypes of vehicles. The task of building a transparent connection between full-scale and virtual tests is always relevant for a high-quality and effective study of the tested object behavior. This article touches on topical engineering issues in the development of complex assessment techniques for controlled vehicle systems.

The purpose of the study was to solve the problem of the cumulative assessment of various control algorithms for the suspension system for solving the integration problem of comparing control algorithms, regardless of their implementation. The results of solving this problem are recommendations for improving the vehicle movement algorithms in various conditions and modes.

Methodology and research methods. The article provides a rationale and general description of a comprehensive methodology for a controlled suspension system for a vehicle chassis, a sequence of planning experiments and the analysis of the results achieved. The sequence of construction of the estimated “conflict diagram” (Carpet plot) from the test data is given. The analysis of the results is presented and considered in the diagram as an example.

Scientific novelty and results. The approaches outlined in the article were used by the authors at the initial stages of the controlled chassis suspension system development, which made it possible to improve the quality and efficiency of the achieved result in the shortest possible time. The developed and approved comprehensive test method and methods for assessing the controlled chassis suspension system is a scientific novelty, since such methods and approaches have not been used before.

Practical signifi cance. The developed complex test methodology and assessment methods are used at FSUE “NAMI” at the initial stages of designing controlled chassis suspension systems.

Introduction. The article describes elaboration, modeling and comparative study of vehicle path-tracking regulators based on a geometric method. Regulators of this type belong to the major components of vehicle driving automation systems. Estimation of the regulators’ accuracy and control quality was carried out in different driving conditions using a mathematical model of vehicle dynamics whose adequacy was substantiated through a comparison with experimental data.

The purpose of the study is to develop the path-tracking regulators based on a geometric method and perform a comparative analysis of these regulators.

Methodology and research methods. The performance of the path-tracking regulators was analyzed with methods of automatic control theory. The testing of the regulators was carried out using a mathematical model of vehicle dynamics. The model accuracy was estimated using root mean square errors and maximum differences between the simulation results and the experimental data.

Scientific novelty and results. The conducted study allowed drawing a number of conclusions regarding the operating quality and accuracy of the path-tracking regulators based on the geometric method.

The practical significance of the work is constituted by the elaborated regulators, which can be further implemented within automated driving systems.

Introduction. Along with the toxic substances formed during the combustion of fuel in the engine, a certain amount of hydrocarbons is emitted by a vehicle into the atmosphere in the form of fuel vapors evaporated from the fuel tank and fuel system components. The energy balance in the fuel tank determines the overall level and change in fuel temperature. The higher their values, the more vapors are formed in the fuel tank, which increases the load on the fuel vapor recovery system.

The purpose of the study was to develop an energy model of a vehicle fuel tank describing the non-stationary heat transfer processes for steadily operating modes; formulate criteria for the fuel tank energy efficiency depending on the formation of fuel vapors.

Methodology and research methods. The analysis of heat fluxes supplied to and removed from the fuel tank has been carried out. As a result of solving the energy balance equation the thermal properties parameters of the fuel tank were obtained.

Scientific novelty and results. The change in the temperature of the fuel in the tank has been substantiated in accordance to the time determined by the exponential law. Complex parameters were proposed, the main of which were: equilibrium temperature head, time constant, maximum of temperature speed and heat flux supplied to the fuel, as well as the value of the temperature head flux developed during one hour of idling - hourly fuel consumption.

Practical significance. The results of six variants of “UMP” family sedan cars testing, differing in characteristic parameters of fuel tanks and fuel modules, have been presented. It is shown that the implementation of gasoline pumps frequency control can reduce fuel heating by 30%.

Annotation. Introduction. Currently, the issue of fuel efficiency, emissions regulation of harmful substances and the search for alternative fuels is especially relevant. The choice of natural gas for an engine as an alternative to traditional fuels imposes its limitations, which can be avoided by applying the Miller cycle.

The purpose of the study was to determine and compare the potential for improving 6ChN13/15 diesel engine converted for an energy efficient duel-fuel engine operating according to the Miller cycle with early closing of the intake valve and the engine potential of Otto thermodynamic cycle.

Methodology and research methods. The research was carried out by a natural experiment method.

Scientific novelty and results. A comparative analysis of various experimental results studies of engines thermodynamic cycles running on natural gas has been carried out. The results obtained will be used to create and further optimize a duel-fuel engine by controlling its workflow and the air supply system.

Practical significance. The indicators results of Otto engines and engines operating according to Miller's thermodynamic cycles with early closing of the intake valve have been compared. The results obtained may be of interest to truck manufacturers and engine specialists.

Introduction. The quality of the engine control units software (SW) significantly determines the output performance of the internal combustion engine (ICE). An important component of the software development process is its adaptation or calibration, which includes a large amount of work to select specific values of control actions to improve the performance of the internal combustion engine operating cycle under toxicity restrictions.

The purpose of the work was to reduce time and material costs during the initial calibration work.

Methodology and research methods. To achieve the goal the application of the calibration technique to the gasoline engine control system was proposed which was to be carried out by using empirical (obtained experimentally) ICE models. The main tool used in the work was the ASCMO software, which was used with ETAS technical support. The calibration process presented in the article was divided into stages: development of an experiment plan, testing (carried out on a gasoline engine model), analysis and processing of the results with the construction of an empirical ICE model, optimization of controlled influences and preparation of calibration maps taking into account the restrictions of harmful emissions during car cycle testing.

Scientific novelty and results. The technique of initial ICE calibration based on the use of an empirical engine model has been formulated. The presented results were obtained without taking into account the statutory norms and rules, the imposed restrictions were formed in an arbitrary way.

Practical significance. The presented method is of practical importance, since it allows to optimize labor costs for carrying out calibration work. A brief assessment of the effectiveness and applications of the technique is provided in the publication.

Introduction. To meet the promising requirements fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of passenger cars and commercial vehicles of 2025-2030 further improvement of the design and workflowof a gasoline internal combustion engine (ICE) is required in the full range of the working map, especially at high loads.

The purpose of the study was to review and analyze ways to improve the indicator efficiency of a gasoline ICE and approaches aimed at increasing efficiency by reducing heat losses.

Methodology and research methods. The review of barriers to increasing the indicator efficiency of a gasoline ICE was based on the analysis of the ideal and real Otto cycle and the results of experimental and calculated foreign and domestic studies of recent years aimed at increasing fuel efficiency by reducing heat losses.

Scientific novelty and results. It was shown that effective new approaches to reduce the heat losses of the ICE of the future were: organization of combustion of a stoichiometric mixture diluted with a large amount of cooled recirculated exhaust gases (up to 25-35%) at high loads; increasing the ratio of the piston stroke to the cylinder diameter S/D to a value of the order of 1.5; the use of thin thermal barrier coatings that provide a “temperature swing” of the combustion chamber surface. Combined with proven modern technologies (direct fuel injection, variable valve drive, etc.), they can significantly increase the optimal geometric compression ratio, significantly reduce heat loss to the walls of the combustion chamber and the tendency of the ICE to detonate, and provide an increase in the indicator efficiency up to 49-53%.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the results of the work when choosing a scheme and design solutions for a promising gasoline ICE with reduced fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions.